I already have a voltage relay. Why do I need an SPD too?
They protect against different things. A voltage relay reacts to deviations lasting from a fraction of a second upwards: a broken neutral, phase imbalance, a voltage sag. A surge from lightning or grid switching lasts microseconds — too fast for the relay — and it is the SPD that diverts it to earth. That is why proper protection usually includes both.
Which SPD type do I need — 1, 2 or 3?
It depends on the building. If a house is fed by an overhead line or has a lightning rod, it needs a Type 1 SPD at the service entrance, often combined with Type 2 in a single device. In a flat's consumer unit, Type 2 is usually enough. Type 3 is fitted next to sensitive equipment as an extra layer, not instead of the first two. We choose the exact setup after the inspection.
There's no earthing. Can I just fit an SPD?
No. An SPD diverts the surge to earth and doesn't work without it. In a private house we install an earth electrode system and measure its resistance. Older apartment blocks often have no separate protective earth conductor — at the inspection we explain which options are safe for your particular building. We never connect earth to a radiator or water pipe and advise against it: it puts people at risk.
How does protecting a flat differ from a house, or single-phase from three-phase?
In a flat the essentials are a voltage relay and a Type 2 SPD in the consumer unit, because the main risk there is a broken neutral in the riser or at the building's supply, which pushes socket voltage up. A private house adds the service entrance, an earth electrode system, a Type 1 SPD and often an inverter, generator and ATS. On three phases we monitor each phase, and if you have three-phase equipment we disconnect all phases together so nothing runs on an incomplete supply.
My appliance has already burned out. Can you repair it?
We don't repair appliances ourselves, but we can arrange a repair through a service centre, under warranty or paid. Meanwhile we inspect your consumer unit, find what the protection is missing and make a repeat much less likely.
Does the protection guarantee nothing will burn out?
No protection gives an absolute guarantee, which is why we don't promise compensation. A properly built system — voltage relay, SPD, earthing, correctly wired boiler and inverter — significantly reduces the risk of damage from voltage spikes, surges and phase imbalance. We explain exactly what it protects against before work starts.